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Grenade launcher

M320 Grenade Launcher Module
Standalone M320 with detachable buttstock
Blazon	Grenade launcher
Place of origin	Usa and Germany
Service history
In service	2009–nowadays
Used past	See Users
Wars	War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
Production history
Designed	2008
Manufacturer	Heckler & Koch
Unit of measurement cost	US$3500^[1]
Produced	2008
Variants	M320, M320A1
Specifications
Mass	1.5 kg (3.3 lb)
Length	350 mm (3.seven in.)
Barrel length	280 mm (1 in.)

Cartridge	40x46mm SR
Action	Single shot, double action
Rate of fire	5 to 7 rounds per infinitesimal
Muzzle velocity	76 thou/south
Effective firing range	150 m (signal) 350 m (area)
Maximum firing range	400 thou
Feed arrangement	Unmarried shot

M320 Grenade Launcher Module (GLM) is the U.S. military's designation for a new single-shot twoscore mm grenade launcher system to replace the M203^[2] ^[iii] for the U.Southward. Army, while other services initially kept using the older M203. The M320 uses the same High-Low Propulsion Organisation every bit the M203.

History [edit]

In 2004, the Ground forces announced a requirement for a commercial off-the-shelf 40 mm grenade launcher. It had to be more reliable, ergonomic, accurate, and safer than the M203. It had to be able to fire all xl mm low-velocity grenades, just exist loaded from the breech to accept future longer projectiles. Heckler & Koch's submission was selected in May 2005.^[4]

Afterward the U.S. Army at Picatinny Armory conducted a competitive bidding process for a new 40 mm grenade launching organisation, Heckler & Koch was awarded a contract to provide the XM320 showtime in 2006. The M320 was adult from but is not identical to the Heckler & Koch AG36 (a key distinguishing feature being the addition of a folding foregrip ahead of the trigger for apply when the weapon is in stand-alone configuration, a feature the AG36 lacks).^[five] ^[6] The M320 entered production in November 2008.

Fielding of the M320 was planned to brainstorm in February 2009, with 71,600 GLMs planned to phase out the M203 by 2015.^[1] The weapon was officially fielded in July 2009 at Fort Bragg past the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division.^[vii] In June 2017, Bravo Company, 2nd Combat Engineer Battalion became the starting time U.S. Marine Corps unit to be issued the M320.^[8] Following initial experiments, the Marines expect to issue vii,000 launchers between 2019 and 2022.^[9]

Overview [edit]

The M320 has iii major parts: a grenade launcher with rifled barrel, 24-hour interval/Night Sight (DNS) produced by Insight Applied science, Inc and a hand held Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation Range Finder (LRF). Some of the benefits are:

The M320 can be used in two ways. It can be attached to the M16 assault rifle, CAR-15 carbine, M4 carbine, HK416, or other types of rifles, attaching nether the barrel forward of the magazine, or information technology can be used dismounted with a stock fastened as a stand up-lonely model.^[6] A grenadier carrying an M320 with an M4 and three dozen 40 mm grenades volition have a full weapon load of 38 lb (17 kg).
The Twenty-four hour period/Night Sight allows the grenadier to effectively engage the enemy in the dark.

The M320 with electronic targeting system mounted on the M4 carbine.

The M320 is based on the before Heckler & Koch AG-C, merely with some Army-specific modifications. It includes a folding foregrip and shorter barrel for a more than compact packet. The sights had to be reconfigured to shoot accurately with the slightly unlike ballistics from the shorter barrel length. The system was supposed to be lighter than the M203 (information technology is actually slightly heavier) and does not require specific mounting hardware. Breech loading allows the grenadier to load a beat while keeping the sight on target.^[4] Information technology weighs iii.57 lb (1.62 kg) in its base configuration, 3.89 lb (one.76 kg) with the LRF and electronic sight, and 4.eight lb (2.2 kg) with the stock fastened.^[1] The sights on the M320 are located to the side of the launcher, avoiding the problems that the M203 had with its sight design, which were mounted on height of the launcher and could interfere with the burglarize's sights, so they had to be attached separately. This meant two separate operations had to be performed when adding the grenade launcher to the weapon, and since the sights were non integral to the M203, they had to exist re-zeroed every time the launcher was reattached to the burglarize. The LRF helps eliminate range estimation errors common in shots greater than 100 meters, thus increasing starting time round hitting probability.

The M320 can fire all NATO high-explosive, smoke, and illumination grenades. Its breech opens to the side, allowing it to fire a variety of newer rounds which are longer, in particular sure non-lethal rounds, such as Federal Laboratories' "verbal impact" (make name) non-lethal sponge batons or sponge grenades.^[6] The M320 operates in double-action mode, with an ambidextrous rubber. In case of misfire, the M320 operator only has to pull the trigger once again. The M203 used a single-activity mode, which cocks the weapon as the barrel is opened. The M203 operator has to open up the barrel by unlocking it and pushing frontwards to cock the weapon and and so re-close the barrel, then pull the trigger again. The problem with this is that in opening the barrel, the grenade is designed to eject and the operator must ensure that it does not fall to the ground.

The M320 is ane of two 40 mm grenade launchers capable of firing Freeway Missile (adult past Raytheon) without modification—the other beingness the FN EGLM (Enhanced Grenade Launching Module) developed for the FN SCAR.

All the same, the weapon'southward introduction was non without criticism:

Soldiers complained nearly switching from the simple, more than streamlined M203 to one with more sophisticated attachments (although this could be attributed simply to the change from a long-standing "tried and true" arrangement to a new ane). Complaints ranged from the forrad grip and sighting system, the pistol grip handle catching on things, and the side loading machinery. They even criticized its ability to act equally a stand-solitary launcher, a feature included in response to troops re-acquiring Vietnam-era M79 grenade launchers that supposedly gave improve accurateness when fired from the shoulder than if slung under a rifle, although the collapsible stock is somewhat curt for the task.^[10]

A U.S. Regular army soldier training with an M320 mounted on an M4 carbine

The M320 has the power to fire detached from a rifle. Soldiers have reported difficulties conveying it unmounted, every bit its one-point sling does not agree it securely. Conveying past the sling would cause it to bounce effectually and sometimes be dragged through dirt. Soldiers wanted to behave the M320 in a holster to provide protection, rather than merely putting information technology in their rucksack. The Natick Soldier Systems Center began the M320GL Holster Soldier Enhancement Program (SEP) in Nov 2012. Three commercial vendors produced 167 holsters each. The SEP used the "buy-attempt-make up one's mind" concept, which allows the Army to test the functionality of equipment without spending much time on research and development. Soldiers from the 75th Ranger Regiment were given a dozen holsters and went through standardized tests in mid-May 2013, after which they filled out surveys. The side by side stride was to exam them with an unabridged brigade. Every bit of July 2013, the holsters were being evaluated by soldiers in Afghanistan. Project officials were to make a recommendation to Fort Benning by the beginning of fiscal year 2014.^[11]

This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect contempo events or newly available data. (January 2022)

Users [edit]

References [edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c 40mm M320 grenade launcher will be supplant M203 next twelvemonth – Thefirearmblog.com, 5 December 2008
^ "XM320 Grenade Launcher Module And XM26 Modular Accessory Shotgun System". Ground forces Magazine. Archived from the original on 8 February 2006.
^ "Product Manager Individual Weapons" Archived 22 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine
^ ^a ^b History of the Heckler & Koch 40mm Grenade Launcher – SAdefensejournal.com, 24 August 2011
^ "AG36 / AG-C / EGLM / XM320 grenade launcher". Modern Firearms. Archived from the original on 8 May 2012. Retrieved fourteen July 2007.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^yard ^h ⁱ ^j ^k "Heckler & Koch M320 GLM (HK AG36) 40mm Unmarried-Shot Under-Barrel Grenade Launcher (UBGL) (2010)". MilitaryFactory.
^ MacLeod, Spc. Michael J. "Bragg GIs 1st to Field Grenade Launcher". Military.com, 8 July 2009
^ Out with the sometime, in with the new: Marines examination new grenade launcher module – Marines.mil, 9 June 2017
^ Marine Corps testing upgraded grenade launcher – MarineCorpstimes.com, 14 June 2017
^ Soldiers' Perspective: The M320 Grenade Launcher – Kitup.Armed forces.com, 28 May 2010
^ Natick develops holster for M320 grenade launcher – Army.mil, 25 July 2013

Fuller, BG Peter N.; COL Douglas A. Tamilio (18 May 2010). "Project Manager Soldier Weapons Briefing for NDIA" (PDF). PEO Soldier. United States Army. Archived from the original (PDF) on xiv November 2011. Retrieved 28 Oct 2010.

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Army.